Contribution of Buddhism to The World Culture (2 Volumes with CD) (Papers presented at the International Conference on Contribution of Buddhism to the World Culture)

Preface We felt the need for reassessing the contribution of Buddhism to the world culture so as to preserve the ancient scriptures, archaeological sites, monuments, philosophical ideas and ideals expressed through language and literature, art and architecture etc. which have enjoyed the world attention. Keeping this in mind, the title of the conference "Contribution of Buddhism to the World Culture" was held for the academic deliberation jointly by K. J. Somaiya Centre for Buddhist Studies, Mumbai, Nav Nalanda Mahavihara, Patna, India and Otani University, Kyoto, Japan in March 11th -14th at Vidyavihar Campus, Mumbai.

All civilizations whether primitive, ancient, medieval or modern have in the course of their development-produced cultures. In the name of Culture they have created art and architecture, language and literature, music, fine arts, social customs, codes of ethics and behaviour, laws, philosophy, and religion. It is by examining a civilization's culture, and its contributions to the world were analyzed and appreciated its achievements by scholars Who brought different periods of philosophy, language, and literature, the art and architecture from around the world more visible by their academic presentation. The scholars from different parts of the world showed that every civilization's religion too, in the course of its history contributes something to the world in general and in particular in terms of faith, practice, art and architecture, religious beliefs, ideas and ideals which are expressed in scriptectures and sometimes given visual expression and sometimes from the subject matter of different sects of the school or thought as well as key to the visual from of art and architecture. In a sense art and architecture provide mirrors to reflect a civilization's religion. In this respect Buddhism is no exception.

To contribute means to give. What Buddhism has given to the world is not profound analysis of, and a practical solution for the problem of human suffering but also a monumental and rich legacy to the world . Much of this legacy is in giving importance to different scriptures as taught by Buddha at different times as per the need of the people, which are visible even today not only in its homeland of India and in much of the south eastern and eastern world, but to the whole including the European and other Western countries.

Right from early history, we know that spread of Buddhism outside India was of a great welcome. Dissemination of Buddhism from the land of its birth, was not at the cost of blood shed on war path but with its encompassing philosophy of universal love, non- violence and compassion. At the time of its dissemination Buddhism had assimilated the native faith and practice from the where Buddhism had reached. Today the majority of the human race in the world has embraced Buddhism which stands test worthy to its contribution to the world culture.

Back of the Book

Still there is Just for power, desire to dominate are barely restrained by fear the fear of man's own vastly improved instruments of destruction. Fear, however is not a very reliable brake on man's impulses, and it constantly poisons the atmosphere by creating a feeling of frustration which again will fan the fires of hate. The wrath of nature experienced in resent times leaves us bewildered and helpless. The phenomena is not new. The magnitude has increased. From where to receive the remedy? How is it to be obtained? One can not help and wonder at the foresight and wisdom of the Buddha that inspired the world more than 2500 years ago, which are so relevant in today's time.

Ethics and values play the vital role in the present situation of globalization. The concern is an outcome of growing violence, fissiparous tendencies, ethnic, linguistic and religious conflicts throughout the world. A sense of mutual distrust and fear of the other is visible everywhere. Never before, these apprehensions existed in such awesome proportions.

Man still bungle only with the symptoms of their malady, remaining blind to the source of the illness, which is no other than, three strong Roots of Everything Evil (akuuala mula) pointed out by the Buddha-Greed (lobha), hatred (dveua) and delusion (moha). Buddha offer a great variety of methods of mental training and subjects of meditation suited to the various individual needs, temperaments and capacities. Yet all these method ultimately converge in the "Way of Mindfulness" called by the master himself "the only Way". This book will focus on the Buddha's prescription of "Meditation" which is the foundation for the Ethical Values to strengthen one's Culture.

Contents C. S. RadhakrishnanChirapat Prapandvidya

	Editors' Note	xv
	Key to Transliteration	xvi
	Preface	xvii
	Inaugural Address	xxi
	Speech	xxiii
	Opening Address	xxix
	Key Note Address	xxxi
	Presidential Address	xlv
	Valedictory Address	xlix
	Early/Theravada/Pali Buddhism
1	Economic Ethics in Buddhism: Inplications for World Culture	3
	J. K. Sharma
2	Buddhism- A Forensic-Criminological Approach	13
	U.N. Biswas
3	Contribution of The Jatakas to World Culture	41
	Supriya Roy
4	Social upliftment as depicted in Dhammapada Atthakatha	52
	Vimal Shanker Sontakke
5	The Buddha's Personality and Buddhist Culture	61
	N. G. Kulkarni
6	The Buddhist Path of Purification- Its Socio-Spiritual Significance	67
	Kokila H. Shah
7	Concept of Non- Violence and Compassion in Buddhism and Jainism	73
	Bhagchandra Jain
8	Ethicization of the Concept of Beauty - A great Contribution by the Buddha	82
	Angraj Chaudhaty
9	A Comparative Study of Bhavanga- Citta and Alaya- Vijnana in Abhidharma Tradition	90
	Bimalendra Kumar
10	Buddha's Method of Teaching as Referred in Pitaka Literature	97
	Hari Shankar Shukla
11	Astangika- Marga: Some Points for Consideration	108
	Manbalai R. Chincore
12	The Apotheosis of the Buddha in Early Buddhist Scriptures	123
	Odani Nobuchiyo
13	Deep Ecological Thinking in Buddhism	128
	Harsha Mehta
14	In Search of A Buddhist Economics	138
	Vijay Kumar Thakur
15	Unique Contribution of Buddhism to The World Culture	151
	Bhau Lokhande
16	Buddhist Developments in East ad West since 1950	157
	C.D. Naik
17	A Peaceful Revolution- The Significance of Dr. Ambedkar's Conversion to Buddhism	196
	Dhammachari Lokamitra
	Tibetan/ Nepalese Buddhism
18	Esoteric Buddhism in World Culture	209
	S. K. Pathak
19	Humanism in Buddhism through the Ages	222
	Kalpika Mukherjee
20	Tibetan Buddhism Aims at World Peace Through spiritual and Marerial Awareness	230
	Buddhadev Bhattacharya
21	Cultural Contribution of Buddhism through the Political Evolvement of Tibet	236
	Arpita Chatterjee
22	Concept of Dharma in the Bhadrakalpavadana-A Boon to World Peace	249
	Soma Basu
	Mahayana Buddhism
23	Contribution of Buddhist Ethics and State Craft to World Culture	259
	V.V. S. Saibaba
24	Contribution of Buddhism to the World culture	269
	J. Sitaramamma
25	The Influence of Buddhism on Dharmasasta Cult of Kerala	275
	P. C. Muraleemadhavan
26	Suhrllekha- The Buddhist Centre of Friendly Epistle	280
27	Buddhist Disciplinary Conduct Integrates World Culture	289
	Anandamayee Ghosh
	Buddhist Literature (History)
28	Relevance of Buddhism in Tirukkural	303
	V. Balambal
29	Buddhist Influence on the Cultural History of Mongolia	322
	Andrea Loseries
30	International Conference on Contribution of Buddhism to World Culture	333
	G. V. Strelkova
31	Buddhist Literature in Mongolia	355
	Enkhbayar Byambanorov
	Buddhist Art and Architecture
1	Statuettes in Buddhist Pantheon (A Study in Indonesian Iconography)	3
	Edi Sedyawati
2	Influence of Nalanda Art on Tibet	15
	Dipankar Lama
3	Dharma-carka to Kala-carka	19
	R. Nagaswamy
4	Trace of Buddhism in North Konkan ports of Sopara, Kalyan and Mahad	36
	Neeta Mahendra Khandpekar
5	The Role of Pali in the Inscriptions	52
	Meena Tamil
6	Buddhist Aniconism and Wide-spread, of Buddha-Images	61
	M. G.Dhadhpale
7	Buddhist Architecture of Bengal(Up to c. 1250 A.D.)	68
	Enamul Haque
8	Stylistic Comparisons of Selected Buddhist Wall Painting from Bamiyan and Ajanta Paintings	81
	Meenal Kapadia
	South- East Asian Buddhism
9	Past smiles in the Present : A case study of Brahmana-s in Thailand	93
	Amarjiva Lochan
10	The Recovery of Apocryphal Jataka-s Transmitted in Thailand (With reference to the manuscript of Mahapaduma-jataka kept	106
	Shingyo Yoshimoto
11	Buddhist Relics and Relic Shrines	123
	Nandana Chutiwong
12	Paritta or Print as a healing Power	153
	Ven. Maduruoye Dhamissara
13	Religious Beliefs in the Dvaravati Kingdom of Central Thailand	163
	Phasook Indrawooth
14	The Socio- Cultural Uplift of Humanity Via The Religious Instructions and Guidance of Early Buddhism	179
	Ven. Dhammavihari
15	Buddhism in the Eastern and Northeastern Parts of Thailand From 7th to 13th Centuries Based on Inscriptions and Archaeological Evidence	189
16	Danasala or Alms Halls	203
	Roland Silva
17	Brahmanic-Buddhist Interaction in Thailand	228
	Satya Vrat Shastri
	East Asian Buddhism
18	Conceptual Transposition: Adiscourse on Radicalization of Buddhism in China	235
	Priyadarshi Mukherji
19	Wei shi lun zong (Vijnaptimatra Sastra School):Its Rise and Development	247
	Lalji Sharavak
20	Canonical and Pictorical Sources of the De Infernis Libelli	261
	Ineke Van Put
21	The Spread of Gandharan Buddhist Yoga Manuals to China	272
	Charles Wellemen
22	Roushen pusa and Corpus integrum-Whole-body relics in Buddhism and C hristianity	275
	Marcus Bingenheimer
23	Secularization as a Historical Process of Ignorance	300
	Noritoshi Aramaki
24	Rationales for the Lax Adherence to the precepts: Some Tendai Interpretations of the Precepts Based on the Lotus Sutra	310
	Paul Groner
25	Satori	331
	Nilesh Dalal
26	The Duliang tiandi pin or "Chapter on the Measure of Heaven and Earth": An Apocryphal Chapter of the Lotus Sutra in Medieval China	336
	Daniel B. Stevenson
	Research Fellow Sessions
27	The Influence of Chinese Thought on Buddhist Meditation Techniques	391
	Supriya Rai
28	Economic Importance and Identification of Plants Associated with the Buddha's life	404
	H. D. Khobragade / Meena V. Talim
29	Tibetan Medicine in the Context of Buddhist Philosophy	422
	Richard J. Bettini
30	A Study of Dvarapala Images In Ajanta Caves Focusing Primarily on the Dvarapala Yaksa Images in the Façade of Cave19	428
	Kaoru Nagata
31	Narrative Representation of Visvantara Jataka at Ajanta Cave 17	447
	Yasuko Fukuyama
32	The World's Oldest Printed Texts: A Contribution of Buddhism Through a Woman	466
	Shobha Rani Dash
33	History of Tibetan Buddhism- Tibetan Buddhism a living experience	477
	Meenakshi Rajan
34	Sama and Santa in Aesthetic and Spiritual Experiences	494
35	Buddhism Rock-Cut Architecture in the Sahyadri	501
	Yojana Bhagat / Meena Talim
36	Bodhisattva- Karuna Incarnate	521
	Manali Londhe
37	Dr. Ambedkar's approach to Buddhism	535
	Sunil Kamble
38	An Evidence for Mahayana from Kanheri	553
	Suraj A. Pandit
39	Implications of Analogies in the Teaching of Buddha	576
	Radha Kumar
40	Symbolism of Five Elements in Vedic Tradition and Esoteric Buddhism	590
	Mrunal Bhatt
41	The Influence of Vajrayana Buddhism on the Natha Cult	593
	Anita Rane- Kothare