Manas: Psychiatry of Ayurveda

Manas: Psychiatry of Ayurveda

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Book Specification

Item Code: IDJ023
Author: Dr. Pedaprolu Srinivasa Rao
Publisher: Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office
Edition: 2014
ISBN: 9788170802245
Pages: 148
Cover: Paperback
Other Details 9.5" X 7.2"
Weight 270 gm

Book Description

PREFACE


MANAS" psychiatry of Ayurveda is compendium of references of ancient psychiatry, which describes almost all possible clinical conditions of psychiatric illnesses quite comparable to modern psychiatry. The mental disorders and specific mental diseases like unmade, Atatvabhinivesa have been explained fully. The book also covers relevant portions of manas in kaya chikitsa of the CCIM syllabus hence will cater the needs of Under Graduate and Post Graduate students. For the every mental disease mentioned in Ayurveda related subject of modern psychiatry explained at the end of each chapter, hence the student can collect much of the information on modern psychiatry. For the convenience of the students a list of all the important topics are included in the appendix. In this book english translation in presented in simple form for better student comprehension on this book. Chapters on Mental health and measures to prevent psychic diseases, manah pariksa and psychiatric problems have been given special emphasis.

I acknowledge with thanks to my colleagues, my students in finding the references, and collecting the material. I thank Sri K. Nagendra Rao, librarian of our college for providing me the necessary books. I wish to acknowledge in particular the help by Sowmya Graphics for typing the Sanskrit and English version. I wish to express heartfealt gratitude for the staff of M/s Chowkhambha, Sanskrit Series Office, Varanasi, the reputed publishers of Ayurvedic texts, for including this book in their Ayurveda Series.

Introduction

Total Ayurvedic literature available in the context of ancient psychiatry en- visages that it had elaborately described almost all possible clinical conditions of psychiatric illnesses quite comparable to the modern psychiatry. The mental disor- ders and specific mental diseases have been adequately categorised and classified with full details of each disease for ego unmada, apasmara etc.,. The production of Manasa Vikara considered to be by the impairment of general mental functions the presence of weak psyche (alpasatva), vitiation of both saririka and manasa dosa (rajo and tama) and also by the vitiation of manovaha srotas. This may occur firstly as primary involvement of manasa dosa while physical involvement is secondary, or sometimes the primary involvement is saririka dosa and subsequently manasa dosa get involved.

The major categories of mental diseases described such as Unmada compa- rable to dementia and schizophrenia; apasmara to epilepsy, atatvabhinivesa to obcessive compulsive neurosis and mada, madatyaya, murcha and sanyasa are comparable to alcoholism, syncope and unconciousness (coma) respectively .

. Unmada is most elaborately dealt psychiatric disorder and it is emphasised that unwholesome and unhygienic diet, improper behavioural disorders are the important causative factors for the production of psychiatric disorders.

Susruta has identified emotions like krodha, soka, bhaya, harsa, kama etc as the cause for manovikara. Charaka has described it to be as the accrual of-undes- ired objects and loss of desired objects. While describing aetiopathogenesis of unmada emphasis laid on alpasatva (weak psyche) as the cause for the production of psychiatric disease and also stressed the impact of the theory of karma besides the wide range of environmental factors.

The literature available about graha and bhuta resemble psychiatric syn- dromes mentioned in modern psychiatry. Charaka has included these disorders of graha and bhuta under Agantaka unmada, but susruta and vagbhata have de- scribed them under seperate chapter.

The relationship between saririka dosa and manasika dosa has been de- scribed and accordingly the treatment also aimed towards restoration of tridosa balance and should be coupled with correction of mansa dosa. The treatment methods described in Ayurveda classics include daivavyapasraya therapies and Satva vajaya ie. psychotheraoy besides full fledzed yukti vyapasraya chikitsa which is done through drugs diet and counseling. Manasa Vikara resulting from emotional disturbances due to dearrangement of rajo and tamo dosa are treated with psychobehavioural therapy (Satvavajaya chikitsa). If the primary involvement is because of saririka dosa and for subsequent mental impairment the treatment is mainly with drugs and with selective satvavajaya measures. Number of single drugs and compound medya formulations are used in the treatment of mental diseases in Ayurveda.

There is much description is also available regarding the method of exami- nation of psychiatric patient. The method of examination includes Sila (habits and temperment), manah prakriti (constitution) ,Cesta (Psychomotor activity) Acara (conduct and behaviour), buddhi (decision making ability), Smriti (memory), sajna jnana (orientation and responsiveness and bhakti (desire). Pre- ventive measures to keep up the mental helath, and also to prevent the psychriatric problems have been dealt in detail.

Table Of Contents

Chapter-I The Concept of Manas and its reference in Ayurveda 1
Characteristics of Manas 2
Function of Mind 3
Manovikara 4
The importance of Mind in relation to soul 5
Factors derived from Satva 6
Manasa Samsparsa 7
Moksa 8
Chaturvimsati tatva purusa 8
Satva pareeksa 9
Adhyatma guna Sangraha 10
Manas and Indriyas 11
Characteristics of Manas 12
Mind pervades all the sensory organs 12
Seat or Location of manas 13
Manovahasrotas 13
Characteristics of Satva Raja and Tama 14
Manasa Prakriti (types of mental faculty) 14
Types of Rajasa individuals 16
Types of Tamasa individuals 17
Satva bala (Mental strength 19
Satva Sara Purusa 20
Guru Vyadhita Laghu Vyadhita 21
Manasa Mithyayoga 21
Chapter-II Bhuta with reference to Manovikara 24
Chapter-III Manasa Roga 26
Psychosomativ diseases 26
Causative factors for Psychic diseases 27
Kevala Manovikara 29
Manoroga due to Bhuta 29
Manoroga due to Graha 29
Aetiological factors of Manasa Roga 30
Prajnaparadha an important causative factor for Manasaroga 31
Raksa Vidhana 34
Bhuta as a causative factor for Unmada 37
Bhuta and graha 38
Devagana 38
Causes for attacks of Unmada in human beings 39
Objectives in Causation on Insanity 42
General line of treatment for the disorders of Bhuta
General line of treatment in Mental Disorders 43
Daiva Vyapasraya Chikitsa 43
Yukti Vyaoasraya Chikitsa 43
Satvavajaya Chikitsa 43
Treatment Processes for psychic patients 44
Adravya Bhuta Chikitsa 45
Dravyabhuta Chikitsa 47
Chapter-IV Unmada 49
Definition 49
Mental health or measures to prevent psychic diseases 49
Pathogenesis Unmada 50
Classification of Unmada according to Charaka Susruta and Vagbhata 51
Vataja Unmada 52
Pittaja Unmada 52
Kaphaja Unmada 52
Agantuka Unmada 53
Poorvarupa of Unmada 53
General Clinical signs of Unmada 54
Vatika type of Insanity 54
Paittika type of Insanity 55
Slaismika type of Insanity 55
Sannipatika type of Insanity 56
Agantuka Unmada 56
Misdeeds as causes of Insanity 56
Objectives in Causation of insanity by graha 57
Seizures 57
Time of Seizure 59
System of manifestations of disease 60
Sadhya Sadhyata 61
Different types of Unmada according to Vagbhata 63
Treatment of Nija Unmada 65
Treatment of Pattika type of Unmada 66
Raktamokshana 66
Dhuma Therapy 68
Clinical Efficacy of old ghee 68
Treatment of Manasa Vishaja Unmade 69
Adravya Bhuta Chikitsa 69
Pathya 71
Signs of Cure 72
Drug Formulations Beneficial in Unmada 72
Anjana Nasya Prayoga 74
Rasa Ausadhi useful in Unmada 74
Pathyapathya 75
Mental Health & Measures to Prevent Psychic Diseases 75
Dementia 78
Etiology 78
Schizophrenia (Avyavasthita chitta) 79
Treatment 80
Chapter-V Apasmara 81
Defination 81
Aetiological factors of Apasmara 82
Pathogenesis 82
Characteristic features of Apasmare 83
Clinical Features of Apasmara according to different Acharyas 83
Sadhya Sadhyata Apasmara 87
Exogenous factors of Apasmara 87
Treatment of Apasmara 88
Protective Measures of Apasmara 91
Pathya ahara Vihara of Apasmara 92
Epilepsy 92
Atatvabhinivesa 94
Chapter-VI Madya Janita Manasa Vikriti 96
Madatyaya 98
Panatyaya 99
Paramada 99
Panajeerna 100
Pana Vibhrama 100
Effects of excessive intake of Alcohol 100
Stage of Mada 100
Treatment of Madatyaya 101
Dhvamsaka and Viksaya 104
Alcoholism 104
Chapter-VII Mada Murcha Samnyasa and Bhrama 106
Mada 106
Dosic Symptoms of Mada 107
Drug Abuse 108
Opoid Use 108
Cannabinoids 108
Cocaine Abuse 109
Amphetamine Abuse 109
Murcha 110
Types of Murcha 110
Samnyasa 112
Sanjna Prabhodaka Chikitsa 113
Seethalopachar 116
Pathya Pathya 117
Kaumbha ghrta 117
Bhrama, Vibhrama Avastubodhana 118
Vertigo 118
Chapter-VIII Apatanaka & Dandapatanaka 120
Awarana Janya Manasa Vikara Chikitsa 122
Hysteria 122
Chapter-IX Nidra 124
Classification of Sleep 124
Causes of Insomnia 126
Chikitsa 126
Ati Nidra (Diva Swapna) 127
Sleep 127
Tandra 129
Klama 130
Neurasthenia 130
Alasya 130
Glani 130
Gaurava 130
Chapter-X Manovikara 132
Moha 132
Krodha 132
Harsha 133
Visada 133
Depression 134
Lobha 135
Bhaya 135
Chittodwega (Anxiety Neurosis) 135
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (Mano granthi) 136
Phobia 136
Hypochondriasis (Gadodwega) 137
Mano Vikshipti (Psychoses) 137
Persistent Delusional Disorder or Paranoia (Samvibhrama or Sthira Vyamoha) 138
Chapter-XI Manah Pariksa (Psychiatric History & Examination) 139
Manah (mind) 139
Buddhi 140
Smriti 141
Acara (Conduct) 141
Chesta 142
Sajna Jnanam (Orientation) 143
Bhakti (Desire) 143
Satvam (Mental Stamina) 143
Manasa-Prakriti (Psychic Constitution) 144
Physical Examination 144
Chapter-XII The Psychological problems of aged (Vriddhavastha Janita Mano Vikara) 145
Appendix 146
Sample Pages



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